单病种护理质量控制在小儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜中的应用

目的 探讨单病种护理质量控制在小儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜中的应用效果。方法 将我院2020年1月—2021年6月收治的60例特发性血小板减少性紫癜患儿按照随机数字表法进行编号和分组,其中单号患儿纳入为对照组(30例),接受传统护理模式;双号为观察组(30例),按照小儿特发性血小板减少性紫癜护理质量控制标准分阶段实施评估,制定护理计划,落实护理措施。比较两组患儿:⑴临床治疗相关指标(治疗有效率、平均住院时间及住院费用);⑵护理水平相关指标(护理质量、护理人员业务能力);⑶护理效果相关指标(护理依从性、健康教育知晓率及护理满意度)。结果 ⑴观察组治疗总有效率为80.00%(24/30)高于对照组53.33%(16/30)(χ2=4.800,P=0.028);观察组住院时间及住院费用少于对照组(P<0.001);⑵观察组护理质量及护理人员业务能力高于对照组(P<0.001);⑶护理后,观察组护理依从性、健康教育知晓率及护理满意度高于对照组(P<0.006～0.010)。结论 实施单病种护理质量控制标准管理,有利于提高患儿临床治疗效果及护理效果,提升护理水平,缩短住院时间及费用。     

抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体对过敏性紫癜的检测意义

目的：探讨抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体（ANCA）在过敏性紫癜（HSP）患儿中的检测意义。方法：应用间接免疫荧光法（IIF）和酶联免疫法（ELISA）测定45例过敏性紫癜患儿抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体的水平和特异性抗原。结果：间接免疫荧光法检测紫癜肾,IgA型ANCA阳性率显著高于过敏性紫癜无肾脏损害者及正常对照组,二者间有显著性差异（P＜0．05）,而过敏性紫癜无肾脏损害者IgA型ANCA阳性率与正常对照组无显著性的差异（P＞0．05）;ELISA法检测过敏性紫癜患儿特异性抗原PR3、MPO,均为阴性。结论：IgA型ANCA定性检测可反映过敏性紫癜肾脏损害的情况,其特异性抗原与其它类型血管炎IgG型ANCA特异性抗原 不同。     

紫癜性肾炎伴高血压患儿临床病理特征及预后分析

目的分析过敏性紫癜性肾炎(henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis,HSPN)伴高血压患儿临床和病理特征及预后特点。方法对2015年1月至2019年12月贵阳市妇幼保健院住院诊断为HSPN的148例患儿的临床及病理资料进行回顾性分析,根据患儿是否合并高血压分为HSPN血压正常组和HSPN伴高血压组,分析比较两组患儿临床病理特征及预后的差异。结果(1)148例HSPN患儿中血压正常105例(70.9%),伴高血压43例(29.1%),两组患儿在性别、年龄、起病时间上差异无统计学意义。(2)高血压组患儿夜间高血压发生率明显大于日间高血压发生率(χ²=9.446,P<0.05)。两组患儿异常血压类型(非杓型及反杓型血压)发生率分别为79.1%、77.1%,差异无统计学意义。(3)高血压组24 h尿蛋白定量、尿微量白蛋白、血肌酐、血总胆固醇程度较血压正常组严重,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而血补体C3、血白蛋白、血小板计数差异无统计学意义。(4)高血压组临床分型以肾病综合征型为主,较血压正常组重,差异有统计学意义(χ²=35.470,P<0.01)。高血压组病理分型均为Ⅲ型及Ⅲ型以上,较血压正常组重,差异有统计学意义(χ²=25.642,P<0.01)。(5)与血压正常组比较,高血压组预后较差,差异有统计学意义(χ²=6.663,P<0.05)。结论HSPN伴高血压患儿以夜间血压升高为主,其临床分型和病理分型较HSPN血压正常患儿严重,肾脏预后较差,应重视HSPN伴高血压患儿血压管理,改善患儿预后。     

近年血小板减少性紫癜文献分析

本文通过对1995-2003年有关血小板减少性紫癜文献年代分布、期刊分布、著者、文献主题词分布等方面进行统计分析,寻找其研究热点和发展趋势,为临床研究及治疗提供借鉴。     

The rheumatic poison: a survey of some published investigations of the immunopathogenesis of Henoch-Schönlein purpura

Laboratory studies of the pathophysiology of Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) have become more numerous in recent years with the recognition of the disease's links with the mucosal immune system in general and IgA nephropathy in particular. There are weak genetic associations with C4 null phenotypes and with HLA B35 and DR4. Studies of plasma proteins in HSP patients show an increased IgA concentration, activation of the alternative pathway of complement and consumption of factor XIII. High molecular weight (polymeric) IgA has been detected in affected individuals, which some investigators have called immune complexes. Many patients synthesise an IgA rheumatoid factor in the acute phase, but other autoantibodies are largely absent. In vitro studies of lymphocytes from HSP patients have demonstrated an increased number of IgA-bearing and secreting B-cells, with altered T-cell regulation of antibody synthesis. While these observations point to immune dysregulation — primarily of IgA production — as a consistent feature of acute HSP, there is as yet insufficient information available to allow a consistent theory of pathogenesis to be formulated.     

Excretion of epidermal growth factor-like material in acute Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis

In Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN), glomeruli may develop cellular crescents composed of infiltrating monocytes and proliferating renal epithelia. In this study, we demonstrate that peripheral human monocytes can release an epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like substance detectable by a radioreceptor assay, which recognizes both EGF and transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha), but not with a radioimmunoassay, which recognizes only EGF. Furthermore, we report that urine from pediatric patients during the acute phase of HSPN contains a similar EGF-like species in addition to the endogenous EGF which is normally present. The EGF-like material was not present in urine from nine healthy children or from six children with acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. The extent of crescent formation in our patients is uncertain, since renal biopsy was performed in only one case. However, we speculate that the urinary material resembling TGF-alpha which appears during the acute phase of HSPN may derive from monocytes infiltrating the kidney.     

复方丹参与维生素C合用治疗过敏性紫癜32例

[背景 ]探讨过敏性紫癜的治疗方法 .[病例报告 ]应用复方丹参与维生素C合用治疗过敏性紫癜 32例 ,并辅以对症治疗 .结果 ,32例中显效 2 7例 ,有效 5例 ,总有效率为 10 0 % .[讨论 ]应用复方丹参及维生素C合用治疗过敏性紫癜疗效满意     

理血汤治疗慢性原发性血小板减少性紫癜的临床观察

目的 观察理血汤治疗慢性原发性血小板减少性紫癜（简称CITP）的临床疗效。方法 将CITP患随机分为理血汤治疗组（29例）和对照组（20例）。观察治疗前后外周血小板计数、血小板相关抗体、骨髓巨核细胞的变化。结果 治疗组和对照组的缓解率、显效率、总有效率分别为13.8%,24.1%.86.2%和5%,10%,60%。经统计学处理两组差异有非常显性（P＜0．01）,治疗组疗效明显优于对照组。停药后1个月治疗组外周血血小板计数仍明显高于对照组。结论 理血汤治疗CITP有较好疗效,具有很好的开发应用前景。     

ITP患者骨髓及血液检测指标与疗效关系的探讨

目的：为观察血小板表面相关抗体Ｇ（ＰａＩｇＧ）、外周血血小板计数（ＢＰＣ）、平均血小板容积（ＭＰＶ）、骨髓巨核细胞计数（ＭＫ）与产板型巨核细胞比例（ＰＰＭＫ）对特发性血小板减少性紫癜（ｉｄｉｏｐａｔｈｉｃ ｔｈｒｏｍｂｏｃｙｔｏｐｅｎｉｃｐｕｒｐｕｒａ,ＩＴＰ）患者疗效的预计价值。方法：采用Ｃｏｕｌｔｅｒ全自动血球分析仪及双抗体夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ法等,对７３例ＩＴＰ患者治疗前和治疗后的ＢＰＣ、ＭＰＶ、     

ITP患者脾动脉栓塞前后血小板的检测及其临床意义

应用自动血细胞计数仪检测ＩＴＰ患者脾动脉栓塞前后不同时期血小板的变化。结果栓塞后患者血小板计数（ＰＬＴ）和平均血小板体积（ＭＰＶ）的变化呈负相关,但ＰＬＴ恢复正常后,ＭＰＶ仍高于正常。提示脾动脉栓塞后血小板计数增高的机理不同于激素治疗。